Learn Spanish Grammar Present Perfect Conjugations

Learn Spanish Grammar Present Perfect Conjugations Suzy S. Ready for your next lesson in Spanish grammar? Here, tutor  Jason  N.  explains what you need to know about present perfect conjugations Mastering verb conjugation is crucial to learning Spanish. It’s all about knowing patterns and formulas, as Ive reviewed in some of my earlier posts about Spanish grammar. If you’re reading this now, it probably means you are well aware of the importance of  conjugating verbs to describe situations and events. Conjugations also enable us to form coherent sentences that specify the ‘who,’ ‘what,’ and ‘when’ of a particular action. By now, you have come a long way. You know how  to conjugate basic verbs in the present tense  (such as beber, hablar, and escribir),  stem-changing verbs in the present tense (such as pedir, poder, and querer),  irregular verb conjugations in their ‘yo’ form (such as vengo  for  the verb venir), and how to conjugate Spanish verbs in the  past tense, the imperfect, and the  conditional and future tenses. Next up? The present perfect! What is the Present Perfect Tense? While the preterite  tense refers to a one-time, isolated event in  the past, and the imperfect tense describes past events that occurred in a habitual or routine manner, the present perfect  refers to past actions, events, thoughts, or beliefs that are still happening or are in progress, and are likely to continue into the present (i.e. something has happened). All we need to do now is learn a new formula that will make present perfect conjugations so easy that they  will become second nature.  The present perfect is conjugated by using  the following formula:  haber (in the present tense)  + the past participle of a given verb. Forming the Past Participle To form the  past participle for an -ar  verb, there  are two simple steps: Remove the last two letters of infinite form of the -ar  verb (e.g.  tomar?tom). Add ado to the end of the verb  (e.g.  tomado). In this case, tomado  translates to the word taken in English, which is the past participle of the verb “to take.” To form the past participle of -er  or -ir  verbs, you simply add ido  (instead of ado)  to the end of the word, after removing the last two letters of the verbs ending in the infinitive form (e.g. comer?com?comido). Forming the Present Perfect Now that you know how to conjugate the past participle in Spanish, we can add this to the present perfect formula (present tense of  haber + past participle of a  given verb) to create the present perfect  tense. As a reminder, haber is conjugated like this: As we  move on to the next step,  lets  start  with the example of the verb tomar. Conjugating -ar  Verbs in the Present Perfect Create  the correct participle.  (tomar?tom?tomado  = taken) If you are referring to yo  or I, use he, forming he tomado. (I have taken) If you are referring to tú or you, use has  to form has tomado. (You have taken) If you are referring to él or ella or ‘he or she,’ use ha  to form ha tomado. (He/she has taken) If you are referring to nosotros or ‘we,’ use hemos  to form hemos tomado. (We have taken) If you are referring to ellos or ‘they,’ use the ending han  to form han tomado. (They have taken) Conjugating  -er  and -ir  Verbs  in the Present Perfect As an example, let’s use comer (to eat). Create  the correct participle.  (comer?com?comido =  eaten) ‘Yo’ would be he comido. (I have eaten) If you are referring to tú  or ‘you,’ it would be has comido. (You have eaten) If you are referring to él  or ella  or ‘he or she,’ use ha comido. (He/she has eaten) If you are referring to nosotros  or we, use hemos comido. (We have eaten) If you are referring to ellos  or they, use han comido. (They have eaten) Ready for some practice? Conjugate the following in the present perfect  tense: Irregular Past Participles There are several verbs that have irregular past participle forms. Unfortunately, memorizing these verbs past participles is the best way to learn them. Verbs with the same root as irregular verbs naturally have the same irregularities. Here are a few examples: componer compuesto describir descrito devolver devuelto Once you memorize the irregulars, which is easier than it sounds (once you practice or study regularly), you’ll be ready to go!  Remember: a  Spanish tutor can really help if you get stuck! Post Author:  Jason N. Jason N. tutors in English and Spanish in Fairfax, CA.  He majored in Spanish at UC Davis, lived in Mexico for 3 years where he completed a Masters degree in Counseling, and studied Spanish Literature and Psychology at the University of Costa Rica. Learn more about Jason here!   Photo by m00by Interested in Private Lessons? Search thousands of teachers for local and live, online lessons. Sign up for convenient, affordable private lessons today! Search for Your Teacher

The Best Chefs at the Moment

The Best Chefs at the Moment The Most Famous Chefs Today ChaptersAlain Ducasse, the Michelin-starred ChefJamie OliverEmeril LagasseBobby FlayGordon RamsayRachael RayPierre GagnaireMario Batali“There is no sincerer love than the love of food.” - George Bernard ShawA lot of people work in the restaurant industry around the world. Among them, you’ll find the greatest chefs.  There are plenty of famous chefs who’ve left us but there are also a lot of great chefs who are still alive and kicking. In this article, we're going to look at chefs from all over the world who've made their mark on the world of cooking. GiovanniCooking Teacher 4.83 (12) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HalimaCooking Teacher £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HakimCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors VincenzoCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GinellaCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ArronCooking Teacher 5.00 (2) £9/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoshuaCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FlickCooking Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsAlain Ducasse, the Michelin-starred ChefAs the son of farmers, he grew up on a farm. He never got his chef’s diploma, having dropped out a few months before graduating.  That didn’t stop him making a name for himself alongside Michel Guérard and Gaston Lenôtre, the famed pastry chef.Michelin doesn't just do tyres, they also award restaurants stars. (Source: Toby_Parsons)He has been given Michelin stars three different times for three different restaurants. As the boss of 20 establishments and over 1,400 staff members, Alain Ducasse is a real businessman. He was also included in Forbes’ most influential people.He was given the Legion of Honour by Jacques Chirac in 2009.  His signature dish is spelt wheat and winter vegetables.Jamie OliverJamie Oliver started out as a pastry chef for Antonio Carluccio at his Neal Stre et restaurant. He was discovered while working at the River Café as a sous chef and made his first television show, The Naked Chef.His Feed Me Better campaign was aimed at ensuring that schoolchildren ate healthy meals at school. That said, he's been no stranger to controversy. From using chorizo in paella to his restaurant chain being contaminated with E. Coli, he's a divisive character despite his somewhat charming personality.While advertising for Sainsbury's supermarkets, he openly criticised the products of supermarkets around the UK, putting an end to 11 years of working with the chain.He also had some success across the pond as he tried to change the way Americans eat. However, his efforts to show people how easy it is to cook food on a budget has been criticised for overestimated how cheap some ingredients actually are.Emeril LagasseEmeril Lagasse is an American chef, James Beard Award winner, and restaurateur famous for New New Orleans cooking style. He's also the executiv e chef of thirteen restaurants in New Orleans, Las Vegas, Orlando, and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.He's the son of a French-Canadian father and Portuguese mother and learnt he had a gift for cooking while working in a Portuguese bakery as a teenager.He attended the JWU culinary school and later became the executive chef of the Commander's Palace before eventually opening his own restaurants.His restaurant in New Orleans has won awards and he's even helped NASA improve the food they give to astronauts.His first television show was Great Chefs and he hosted Essence of Emeril on FoodTV. He also hosted a culinary travel show, cooking competitions (notably Top Chef), and even appeared in Disney's The Princess and the Frog (which was set in New Orleans).His cooking style takes traditional New Orleans and Creole cuisine with influences from Asian, Portuguese, and Southwestern cuisine.Join in amazing cookery courses London thanks to Superprof. GiovanniCooking Teacher 4.83 (12) £25/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HalimaCooking Teacher £12/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors HakimCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors VincenzoCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors GinellaCooking Teacher £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors ArronCooking Teacher 5.00 (2) £9/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors JoshuaCooking Teacher 5.00 (5) £30/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutors FlickCooking Teacher 5.00 (1) £50/h1st lesson free!Discover all our tutorsBobby FlayBobby Flay is another celebrated American Chef famous for his cooking  TV shows. He is famous for his Mexican and Southwest cooking style and is the executive chef of restaurants in Vegas, New York, and Atlantic City.Bobby Flay has picked Las Vegas as the destination for one of his restaurants. (Source: Pexels)He was born in New York and after dropping out of school aged 17, he worked in a pizza parlour. Later on, the owner of the restaura nt where he worked agreed to pay for him to attend the French Culinary Institute.Once he graduated, he started as a sous chef. He became executive chef at the Brighton Grill on Third Avenue just after a week of working there. However, he realised he wasn't ready to run a kitchen and subsequently quit.He presented many shows on the Food Network in the US and occasionally teaches in the French Culinary Institute when his schedule permits.Flay was also on Iron Chef America. While he lost in a battle against Masaharu Morimoto in New York, he later won the rematch in Japan.He's won many awards including the James Beard Foundation Award.Gordon RamsayThe Scottish chef Gordon Ramsay is known for his TV shows MasterChef in the US or Kitchen Nightmares.He’s one of only three chefs to have received three Michelin stars at once.  However, as a child, he was destined to become a footballer and was part of the Warwickshire team at the age of 12. A knee injury forced him to change his plans and after planning a career in the Royal Navy, he signed up to a cooking school.He learnt from Marco Pierre White and then learnt the basics of French cooking in Albert Roux’s restaurant in London. Two years later, he went to Paris and found a job with Guy Savoy and Joël Robuchon.Gordon Ramsay learnt to cook in France. (Source: Free-Photos)In 1993, his former employer Marco Pierre White offered him the job as head chef. The Aubergine restaurant quickly earned its first Michelin star. After earning its second Michelin star, Gordon Ramsay decided to open his own restaurant. He’s continued to open restaurants and his most recent one is Le Pressoir d’Argent in Bordeaux.Beef Wellington is his signature dish.Rachael RayRachael Ray is another popular American TV personality and celebrity chef. In some respects, she's similar to Jamie Oliver in the way that she focuses on quick and easy cuisine rather than gourmet dishes.She was born in New York State and later moved to New York City. He r 30-minute dishes have been criticised for not taking preparation time into account.Despite appearing on cooking shows and writing many cookbooks, Ray regularly states that she's not a chef as she's had no formal training. That said, it doesn't matter how much training you've had if you know how to cook!Pierre GagnairePierre Gagnaire was trained by Paul Bocuse, took over his father’s restaurant, opened his own and got three Michelin stars.Following financial difficulties, Pierre Gagnaire closed his restaurant and went back to Paris where he’d quickly earn himself three Michelin stars. He loves cooking modest dishes and has opened restaurants in Tokyo, London, Las Vegas, and Dubai.A jack of all trades, he loves trying new creations and is considered one of the greatest chefs of all time.Since he's so creative, he doesn’t really have a signature dish.Find out more about the most popular dishes in the UK.Mario BataliMario Batali learnt to cook at a restaurant called “Stuff Yer Face”. However, he also received training at Rutgers University and Le Cordon Bleu.A Cordon Bleu is not just a dish but also a prestigious cooking school. (Source: ReinhardThrainer)He's famous for his Italian cooking style and has won many awards. His television career started on the Food Network in 1996 with the show Molto Mario where he toured Italy. He also appeared on Iron Chef America and won the James Beard Foundation Award for Best New Restaurant of 1998.Feeling hungry? Why not try some of the food in these famous chefs’ restaurants?If you want to learn how to cook like these chefs, you should consider getting help from one of the private tutors on Superprof. You can find tutors from all over the UK and all over the world offering different types of private tutorials: face-to-face tutorials, online tutorials, and group tutorials.Face-to-face tutorials involve just you and the tutor. With bespoke lessons, these are the most effective type of tutorials. However, they also tend to be the most expensive as you're paying for a tailored service from your private tutor.Online tutorials take place via a webcam using a programme such as Skype. Since the tutor doesn't need to travel to their student, these savings are reflected in their rates. While you really want a tutor there with you for hands-on skills like cooking, online tutorials are a good option for those on a budget as you can learn from tutors from all over the world.Finally, there are group tutorials. While you won't get as much one-on-one time with your tutor, you'll probably pay much less than the other types of tutorials since the cost is shared between you and your fellow students. You could always get a group of friends together and learn a new skill together.Each type of tutorial has its advantages and disadvantages and it's up to you to decide which one works for you and your budget. One thing's for sure, with the right tutor and tutorials, you'll soon be cooking like a pro!

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College Experience

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign College Experience Kathryn earned her bachelors degree in molecular and integrative physiology from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She specializes in science tutoring, Algebra 2 tutoring, and a number of other subjects. Below, she shares her experience at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Describe the campus setting and transportation options. Kathryn: I loved the University of Illinois campus. While there were some departments that had buildings that were farther away, almost everything was centrally located and easy to get to. Plus, the campus and the surrounding area werecharming, with lots of tree-lined streets and beautiful buildings. I always felt safe on campus. Everything was well-lit and there were always people around. Of course, you should be careful when walking alone late at night, but honestly I never felt unsafe on campus. Most of the time you could walk wherever you needed to go, but there is a free campus bus system. I also had a bike that I sometimes took to class, but it certainly wasnt a necessity. The campus had an extensive system of bike paths, which was convenient. A car was not necessary on campus and I didnt have one until I moved into an apartment my junior year. It was really only useful for heading off campus or to drive back to Chicago. I never drove on campus and, in fact, it was discouraged because of limited parking. How available are the professors, academic advisers, and teaching assistants? Kathryn:Many professors and TAs offered office hours so that you could get help if you needed it. I probably didnt take advantage of this as much as I should have, but it was definitely available. Every department had academic advisers and I never had a problem getting an appointment if I needed one. I didnt meet with them that often, but I always had a good experience. How would you describe the dorm life rooms, dining options, location, socialization opportunities with other students? Kathryn:I loved living in the dorms for two years. The dorms themselves varied quite a lot. Some had large rooms, some were in beautiful buildings, and some were a little more institutional. I lived in two different dorms, PAR and LAR. PAR was nice, but it was plain. LAR was much nicer and also much closer to campus; I definitely preferred living there. The dining rooms were what you would expect for dorm food. It was fine, but not great. They did have rotating specialty food nights in the different dorms that provided some alternative options. I think all the dorms provide good opportunities for socialization. People often left their doors open when they were home so you could walk around and meet others. This encouraged you to get to know your neighbors. Which majors/programs are best represented and supported? Kathryn:I cant speak to all of the departments in the school, but most of my friends were in various STEM departments. Those all seemed to be well-supported, especially engineering and computer science. I studied molecular and integrative physiology, which was a part of the biology department. I chose to study this because I had always loved science, and after taking the intro biology classes, I found that physiology was my favorite part. I had a great experience in the physiology department; I found the professors to be friendly and interested in the success of the students. How easy or difficult was it for you to meet people and make friends as a freshman? Does Greek life play a significant role in the campus social life? Kathryn:I found it fairly easy to make friends as a freshman. I met people in the dorms, in class, in the cafeteria, and through mutual friends. Almost everyone is looking to increase their social circle and make new friends. This helps take the pressure off of you because everyone has the same goal and is interested in meeting new people. Greek life did play a fairly large role in campus life, but I did not participate and I dont feel that negatively impacted my experience. I had some friends who were in the Greek system and they enjoyed it. How helpful are the Career Centerand other student support services? Kathryn:I cannot really comment on the Career Center because my plan was to continue my education after graduating, so I was more focused on services that helped prepare me for applying to institutions, such as medical and graduate school. There were advisers to help with both of those processes and I found them to be friendly, knowledgeable, and helpful. I do know several of my friends, especially those in engineering or computer science, had success finding jobs though on-campus job fairs. How are the various study areas such aslibraries, the student union, and dorm lounges? Kathryn:The University of Illinois has one of the largest university libraries in the country. There are several large main libraries, as well as many smaller departmental libraries located all over campus. I was always able to find a place to study whenever I needed to. Since there are so many libraries, all with different atmospheres, you could be sure to find a library that worked for you. The student union was a great place to spend time between classes or to meet up with friends. There were several large rooms with comfortable couches and chairs, a library, a coffee shop, a food court, and a bowling alley. The union also hosted events, such as concerts. Describe the surrounding town. Kathryn:I loved that U of I was located in a smaller town. Its a bit different than going to a university with an urban campus. Personally, I liked the feeling of campus being its own separate place. It kind of made me stay focused on the college experience and feel like I was immersed in it. It also made me more involved in campus life and in meeting people. When I was at U of I, I felt like students tended to stay more on campus, but there were definitely areas of the surrounding town where students would go to see concerts, movies, dine out, or shop. How big or small is the student body? Were you generally pleased or displeased with the typical class sizes? Kathryn:The university had a very large student population, including both undergraduate and graduate students. I loved that the university was so large, because it meant that you got to meet a diverse group of people, all of whom had different experiences and points of view. I was generally pleased with the class sizes. I had some classes that took place in large lecture halls and some that had less than 10 students. Even the larger lectures, though, usually had an accompanying study section that was a smaller class led by a TA, so you could get more individualized attention. Describe one memorable experience with a professor and/or class. Perhaps one you loved the most or one youregretthe most. Kathryn:My favorite professor was Dr. Esmail Meisami, who was in the physiology department. He was so enthusiastic and friendly, and had such a passion for helping students become as excited about science as he was. I always loved his class because he didnt just stand up and lecture, he made you want to be involved in the class. He always appeared so happy and I found him to be one of the most approachable professors. Part of the reason I chose to major in physiology was because I enjoyed his classes so much. Check out Kathryns tutoring profile. The views expressed in this article do not necessarily represent the views of Varsity Tutors.

Glossary of Legal Terms

Glossary of Legal Terms Legal Terms You Need to Know ChaptersThe BasicsThe Difference Between a Solicitor and a BarristerRoman Legal TermsThese days, with legal dramas so popular on the telly, even laypersons are familiar with the verbiage used nearly exclusively in the courtroom.Whether they originate in our country or from across the pond â€" Suits, a legal drama from which our own Duchess of Sussex is an alumnus... all of these programmes hold an unrivalled attraction for us, don’t they?The thing about television programmes is that they tend to be both watered down and accelerated: you may be sure that no murder trial actually only takes 45 minutes, and there is substantially more legal manoeuvering going on in a real court case.Even though show producers are very careful to use the right terminology, going so far as to hire legal consultants to ensure accuracy, they still only scratch the surface of the language every barrister, solicitor and judge must know.Check out the most prestigious law firms in the UK.A writ of habeas corp us, a priori, non compos mentis... appellant, perjury and adjudication...Let your Superprof now expound on some of the lesser-known glossary terms that every law student must learn.people fleeing domestic abuse and violence, the overwhelming majority of them being female.You may be familiar with the term Crown Courts: they deal with more serious offences such as murder and rape.Should you plead 'not guilty' to the charges against you, your case would be heard by a jury and presided over by a judge.As evidence is presented, you would be seated in the dock â€" a sheltered area generally located behind counsels’ tables. If you are found culpable, another word for ‘guilty’, you will be sentenced.A solicitor may argue: “Pursuant to statute XYZ, we urge the court to find my client not guilty of all charges.”Look up for  city law tutors  on Superprof now.In legalese, 'pursuant to' means ‘in accordance with’ or ‘as a result of’.So what your solicitor is actually saying is that you could not possibly be found guilty because someone before you committed that same act, was found not guilty, and a law was drafted to that effect.In the next segment, we will disclose exactly what a solicitor is and how they differ from a barrister.For now, know only that a solicitor is a law practitioner who has successfully passed all exams pertaining to legal studies and is recognised by the SRA.Search for law tutors London  now.SRA: Solicitor’s Regulation Authority. Their job is to ensure that all solicitors meet high standards of morals and ethics, and to act when there is a concern about the conduct of any solicitor.If said conduct is found to be less than honourable, that solicitor may be struck off â€" meaning their name is taken off the roll of solicitors.Other common legal terms include:plaintiff: the one who brings the complaint, otherwise known as the chargein civil cases, a plaintiff may also be known as a petitionerdefendant: the party who must answer to the complainta civil case would label this party a respondentproceeding: the legal machinations that bring about a resolution to a disputea civil action might call for mediation and/or  dispute resolution before any court proceedings occurjudgment: the award the successful party is entitled tojudgment can be either for the plaintiff or the defendanttort: essentially a wrongdoing that leads to civil liability (not a criminal liability!)statutory: permitted or required by a statute (law)compensation: the award deemed suitable by the judge to make up for a loss and/or sufferingaffidavit: a written statement, confirmed by oath and presented as evidence in court.Litigation: the process of taking legal actionappellate: with regard to appealsone may engage an appellate lawyer  to have one’s case heard in appellate court, should judgment be found unsatisfactoryTo be sure, there is an entire lexicon of terms used in the legal field. However, as we are not attempting to write such a volume, we ’ll feature only one more, highly important, term.Reasonable doubt is crucial to the criminal law process.Unless they present in the commission of a crime, nobody knows exactly what the defendant did or didn’t do, and so much of a prosecution’s case is speculation: what might have actually happened?It is the defence attorney’s job to create reasonable doubt in the jury’s mind.“Events could also have happened a different way” s/he might say. “Picture this...” thus leading the jury to entertain the possibility that the accused may not have done the deed.Perhaps s/he might suggest someone else altogether, or infer the possibility of mitigating circumstances that would cause the defendant to act in a criminal manner, in an effort to minimise culpability.Proving a case beyond a reasonable doubt is the job of the prosecutor. Creating that doubt is the primary function of every criminal defence attorney.You can also learn about the different type of law with law tutors on Superprof..Navigating the intricacies of the law requires thorough knowledge of the verbiage and symbols! Source: Pixabay Credit: Das WortgewandThe Difference Between a Solicitor and a BarristerA barrister is a lawyer regulated by the Bar Standards Board. They mostly specialise in courtroom representation and drafting briefs. They also render expert legal opinions.A solicitor is a lawyer who is listed on the roll of solicitors.Solicitors generally have more access to clients, but barristers can act as a check on solicitors.For example, if a litigant is not properly represented in court, it is the barrister’s job to advise that client of possible further legal avenues to pursue in his/her case.A barrister’s training is more extensive than a solicitor’s, including (but not limited to) ethics training, courtroom procedure and the laws of evidence. It also comes at a cost that often requires a law scholarship.A solicitor does a lot of the legal drudge work: preparatory and admini strative work for cases. They generally do the day-to-day work of managing cases.Furthermore, a solicitor may assist a barrister in court by managing and cataloguing volumes of documentation and evidence. They may even negotiate settlements on behalf of clients.Clearly, these two roles fulfil different functions in our legal system and their titles are not interchangeable.What about counsellors? Where do they fit in?A counsellor is more on par with a barrister: someone who gives advice â€" or counsels clients, but perhaps does not actively represent them.However, it is common to refer to both solicitors and barristers as counsellor address them as counsellors.In this table, you may find more everyday law terms you may have heard before but weren’t quite sure of their meaning.TermMeaningchambersdescribes a collection of barristers who share the expense of an office and clerkshearingA process that happens before a trial, perhaps to discuss a facet of the caseLegal disciplinary pract ice a law firm where solicitors work alongside other types of lawyers, such as a licensed conveyancer, and a limited number of clerks.limited liability partnership (LLP)An arrangement between law partners in which each partner has limited liability in their legal and financial obligations to the partnershipparalegaloften trained in law but without qualifications to practice; they support lawyers in researching, cataloging and drafting briefsrights of audiencethe right that lawyers have to appear and conduct court proceedings for their clientsconciliationa different means of dispute resolution in which a conciliator works with the parties separately and togethermediationa means of resolving a dispute without litigating the issuearbitrationa third party - an abitrator listens to both parties of a dispute and decides how it should be resolved NOTE: arbitration, mediation and conciliation are all different processes!tribunala person or group of persons who all have the authority to dete rmine dispute settlementsLet us now move on to the language formulated in ancient times, by one of the very first legal societies.Take classes with a Superprof's law tutor Manchester.This Roman soldier may have spoken fluent legalese! Source: Pixabay Credit: WajariRoman Legal TermsWe owe much of our legal structures and legal terms to Ancient Rome. In fact, our concepts and ideas of civil law originated in the Roman Republic (753-31BCE), as did the Law of Nations.So impactful was the Roman system of law that it helped shape Europe’s legal systems, and we see their effect still today, even in countries that enjoyed no direct Roman influence, such as Germany.Here is how it worked.When no law was found within the country’s statutes to address a particular grievance, Roman law was applied. Thus it became known as subsidiary law and, when necessary, bore the full weight of any indigenous German law.As Latin was, for so long, the lingua franca of the world and, with the proliferation of Romans as far as the Empire stretched; with their laws being absolute, it stands to reason that much of our legal vocabulary would have originated in Rome and endured through the times and the tongues that spoke it.Earlier we mentioned a writ of habeas corpus.That is a court order, usually to some restraining body such as a prison, to release the prisoner so that s/he might appear before the court to decide if detention is indeed warranted.The term was first used in the Magna Charta that stated: ‘No free man shall be imprisoned... without due process of the law.Another very common Latin term used in our courts today is amicus curiae: a friend of the court. That is a person who offers information pertaining to the case currently being heard.Corpus delecti is a particularly delectable phrase meaning that one cannot be convicted of a crime without it being proven that a crime has actually occurred.De jure, often heard in legal proceedings, means ‘according to law’ (it literall y translates to ‘from law’.)De facto is the opposite of de jure; it means what routinely happens, as opposed to what happens under the law.Those opposite meanings obviously indicate that not everything that happens must happen under a legal construct.It is often de facto instances, suddenly found egregious, that are brought to civil court!Ad litem describes those charged with representing those who cannot represent themselves, such as minors or adults who are incapacitated.You might have heard the phrase 'guardian ad litem' to describe a foster parent, for example.Pro bono is also a Latin term and is used to describes cases that lawyers will do free of charge.By no means are we attempting to compile a legal dictionary - in Latin or English; your Superprof just hopes to give you a bit of insight into the legal terminology you might hear during court proceedings, whether you witness them on the telly or in person.Here are a few more you might use during your law career:TermMeaning Used when...a mensa et thorofrom table to bedIndicates legal separation without a legal divorceanimus nocendiintent to harmthe subjective state of mind of someone intending to commit a crime with the full knowledge that said actions would be illegalceteris peribuswith the other things the sameequivalent to 'all other things being equal'res communiscommon to allsomeone claims exclusive right to something commonly available, such as air, that everyone has access toper curiamthrough the courta decision is said to be authored by the court rather than a specific judgenisi priusunless firstreferring to the court of original jurisdictionmens reaguilty mindone of two requirements for a crime to be committed (the other is actus reus)sui jurisof his own rightdescribing one who is legally able to take care of his own affairs (also spelled sui iuris)felo de sefelon of selfdescribing a suicidegravamenthings weighing downdescribing the basic element of a lawsuit

Volunteer with Heart Bill Butler - Heart Math Tutoring

Volunteer with Heart Bill Butler - Heart Math Tutoring Volunteer with Heart: Bill Butler Volunteer with Heart: Bill Butler April 8, 2016 Bill is an  attorney at Moore Van Allen and learned about Heart Math Tutoring through his friend who has been a tutor for several years. His friend spoke about the remarkable progress students make through the tutoring sessions, not only in their math skills but also in their confidence. Bill works with a second grader and a third grader each week at Billingsville Leadership Academy. Why did you become a volunteer? Like a lot of people, I wanted to be invested in the Charlotte community but didnt know where to start. Heart provides an opportunity for someone like me, who doesnt know the first thing about math tutoring, to make a direct impact on a critical area of need. What was your favorite moment from working with students? Definitely playing War, or any other competitive game.   My students really enjoy a little competition, and it is so much fun watching them focused and engaged in developing their math skills to beat me.   And most of the time they do! What would you tell someone who is  thinking about becoming a volunteer? It will be one of the best hours of your week. Heart is grateful that Bill  has chosen to spend an hour each week at Billingsville! Bills students come bounding down the hall beside him when he picks them up right after breakfast each Thursday morning. They smile the entire time theyre together and love sharing stories with him about their  school week thus far. #VolunteerwithHeart #ItAllAddsUp

4 reasons why teachers and private tutors should work together

4 reasons why teachers and private tutors should work together Teachers are key to a student's education but private tutors also play a large part in the successes of students. There is of course a difference between a teacher and a tutor; a teacher is someone who carries out daily education usually at a school or formal place of education whilst a tutor is someone who gives private lessons and helps students that are struggling with a particular subject or want to get ahead; at home or at the tutor's home. Here are four very real reasons why teachers and tutors should strive to work together: 1. Tutors can pick-up where teachers leave off Teachers are faced with having a time-schedule to cover all of the necessary curriculum into their class-time and often can only briefly cover some topics. A tutor, however, will have the time to dedicate to a student and their needs. Tutors often pick-up where teachers leave off and can delve into topics on a much broader scale. If a topic has been covered in the classroom that a student has not completely understood a tutor will be able to explain in further detail to a student, allowing them the necessary time to fully understand the topic and therefore progress as needed. 2. One-to-one attention One of the greatest benefits of having a private tutor is the individual attention the student will get. A student in a classroom of thirty children simply cannot have the full attention of their teacher. For students that are afraid to ask questions, do not have the time to ask questions or need some more information to gain a better understanding, a tutor is often the best solution. If a tutor has good knowledge of the curriculum followed for the specific years and subjects they teach, this can make a huge difference to the child's learning and understanding of a subject. A tutor is there to provide additional support to a student and by working together with a teacher will enable the student to progress by offering extra guidance and support for their specific needs. 3. Working towards the same goal When it comes to a child's education there is no doubt that if the parent, the teacher and the tutor work together they will be encouraging the child to succeed far greater than if they were not. The end goal is the same for all three parties; to ensure the child is maximising their potential. If the teacher, the tutor and the parent all manage to liaise about the student's strengths and weaknesses, lesson plans can be tailored far better to meet the child's needs and with regular communication on all sides the goal they are all working towards will be far easier to reach. 4. In the student's best interest Tutors are a great way of helping student's struggling with a particular subject and building a child's confidence. A teacher is someone who can often identify any weaknesses and can be great at directing students to seek extra help from a private tutor. If teachers and tutors work together they may well share materials needed to aid the student's progression, thus enabling them to monitor the child's progress more closely. Find your child a tutor Finding a private tutor for your child is a brilliant way of ensuring your child is staying ahead. A good private tutor will build a relationship with your child and help them to build their confidence. By ensuring your child's teacher is up-to-date with any private lessons your child may be having and asking them to contribute to any weaknesses your child may need to work on, you will ensure a greater and speedier progression rate and enable your child to better reach their full potential. First Tutors is first for matching children to suitable, experienced and qualified tutors in any subject and for any level. For more information about finding a tutor, the subjects we offer or any other questions you may have you can contact our customer services team.

Match Charter Public School

Match Charter Public School Match Charter Public School The Match Charter Public School is a high-performing, innovative charter public school in Boston, serving students from Pre-K to 12th grade on multiple campuses across the city. Our mission is to prepare students from Bostons inner city for success in college and beyond. Match Charter Public School students are some of the highest performing students in the state, and over 80% of our graduating seniors enter four year colleges every year (For more information on our results, please visit us at http://www.matchschool.org) Our school has a unique model: Match students receive small group tutoring as part of our school day, every day. We also emphasize incredibly high expectations for all of our students both behaviorally and academically along with a high level of support for meeting those expectations. We truly believe all students can and will succeed. All that said we know that the largest driver of our success is the people who work in our schools every day. Our school staff have an immediate impact on our ability of reaching our mission and changing the lives of our students. If you are passionate about teaching and learning, and interested in working in a positive environment alongside incredible peers, please apply for the opening below.

Your Complete Guide to Visual Dictionaries in Foreign Languages

Your Complete Guide to Visual Dictionaries in Foreign Languages Your Complete Guide to Visual Dictionaries in Foreign LanguagesA foreign language visual dictionary will not give you a definition of “ball.” Why? Because you already know what it means! You need to know what the word is in your target language in order to look that word up. While that may sound tricky, there are some clear benefits to working with this kind of dictionary when learning a foreign language.You just need to see the picture and pair it with the translation so your brain can save it more efficiently.The visual dictionary goes an extra step to give you more context for memory-boosting power. Unlike ordinary dictionaries, a visual dictionary is usually not arranged alphabetically. They are rather grouped thematically. So, for example, a spread in a visual dictionary might deal with “Fruits” and show you memorable pictures of fruits of all kinds. For a foreign language edition, the labels would be in the target language.Consider again the language learning opportunit ies. A single picture neednt have just one label. You can find multilingual visual dictionaries with multiple words for  the same picture. For “Ball” you would see “Balle” (French), “Bola” (Spanish) and “Palla” (Italian) on the page, so you’re not just learning French, youre also  learning Spanish and Italian at the same time.Another thing that’s special with a visual dictionary is that, with one picture, it can teach you a whole lot. One picture of a person can teach you all of the parts of the face in German, for example. You look at one image and you see where the kopf,  (head) augen  (eye) and mund  (mouth) are all located.A picture of a table setting could tell you where the French assiette  (plate), fourchette  (fork) and couteau  (knife) are. A picture of a house can point you to where the Spanish cocina  (kitchen), comedor  (dining room) and  cuarto  (bedroom) are.That’s how elegant a visual dictionary is.  This tool works in perfect consonance with how the human brain works. Here’s why.The Virtues of the Visual DictionaryPictures! Period.When you hear the word apple, you don’t see the word or imagine the letters one by one. Nope, you see a glistening red fruit you can almost bite into. You imagine the taste, smell, texture and color.That’s because our minds think in pictures. In our minds, we see  cows, cars and cats, not four-letter words. We visualize and see the big picture.The images we see become so real we can almost touch them with bare hands. We even dream in pictures, and the visual cortex comprises a significant part of the human brain.This is why a dry list of vocabulary  words, translating  foreign vocabulary words right into  English words, is often hard to work with. Void of any visual stimulation, the brain finds it hard to embed anything into the long-term memory.On the other hand, visual dictionaries exploit how the mind works, serving it just what it needs: Pictures that the brain can work with. Pictures t hat the brain can file into the long-term memory. Pictures that the brain can remember.Visual dictionaries make it easier for us to memorize foreign vocabulary. They’re like flashcards, but in book form. And if I were you, I’d be hunting for foreign language visual dictionaries, like, right now.Thematic Approach to LearningOur brain links information with other information. The thing is, we don’t remember things in a vacuum or out of thin air. We remember things in relation to other things. We remember new information by connecting it to old, established information. And the more links there are for a certain piece of information, the stronger our memory is for that information.Visual dictionaries, because theyre thematically arranged, help the brain to easily make the said connections.Ordinary dictionaries, aside from being textually focused, are arranged in an alphabetical order. So theres little rhyme or reason for the arrangement except that they come in alphabetical order . So you might find words like “banish,” “banal” and “banana” on the same page. The purpose of this order is clear: theyre arranged like this so that you can find them easily. But what relations do these have with each other?Practically nada. The brain will have to get very creative to make anchor these words and make them stick in memory.With a visual dictionary, in addition to visual stimulation, the entries are thematically/topically presented so you have sets of information instead of individualized entries. For example, a page might deal with “Fruits,” another might be about “Modes of Transportation” and another may be about “Different Parts of a Classroom.”The presented images have an intuitive and natural relationship so that the brain will readily be able to make those connections.And with those two reasons, the visually stunning images and the thematic presentation, the foreign language learner is that closer to mastering the vocabulary  of his or he r target language.So, can’t wait to get your hands on those visual dictionaries? Here are some of the best resources.The Best Sources of Foreign  Language Visual Dictionaries A visual dictionary is a dictionary with a twist.The twist? Youd never guess, but it actually provides the most natural way to learn vocabulary.Think of a baby learning their native languageâ€"they point at an apple and mom or dad says, Thats an  apple!  While your usual reference tools are full of words, words and more words, a visual dictionary is full of pictures (and words). For example, looking up for the word “ball” in an ordinary dictionary, you’ll be greeted with a definition that goes something along the lines of: a spherical object often used in sports.A visual dictionary on the other hand will present you with just a pictureâ€"no phonetic symbols, no parts of speech, classifications, etc. It’s just a picture of a baseball, soccer ball  or maybe a basketball, plus the word “ball” underneath the image.Simple, huh?Now, consider the language learning possibilities. Your Complete Guide to Visual Dictionaries in Foreign LanguagesA foreign language visual dictionary will not give you a definition of “ball.” Why? Because you already know what it means! You need to know what the word is in your target language in order to look that word up. While that may sound tricky, there are some clear benefits to working with this kind of dictionary when learning a foreign language.You just need to see the picture and pair it with the translation so your brain can save it more efficiently.The visual dictionary goes an extra step to give you more context for memory-boosting power. Unlike ordinary dictionaries, a visual dictionary is usually not arranged alphabetically. They are rather grouped thematically. So, for example, a spread in a visual dictionary might deal with “Fruits” and show you memorable pictures of fruits of all kinds. For a foreign language edition, the labels would be in the target language.Consider again the language learning opportunities. A single picture neednt have just one label. You can find multilingual visual dictionaries wi th multiple words for  the same picture. For “Ball” you would see “Balle” (French), “Bola” (Spanish) and “Palla” (Italian) on the page, so you’re not just learning French, youre also  learning Spanish and Italian at the same time.Another thing that’s special with a visual dictionary is that, with one picture, it can teach you a whole lot. One picture of a person can teach you all of the parts of the face in German, for example. You look at one image and you see where the kopf,  (head) augen  (eye) and mund  (mouth) are all located.A picture of a table setting could tell you where the French assiette  (plate), fourchette  (fork) and couteau  (knife) are. A picture of a house can point you to where the Spanish cocina  (kitchen), comedor  (dining room) and  cuarto  (bedroom) are.That’s how elegant a visual dictionary is.  This tool works in perfect consonance with how the human brain works. Here’s why.The Virtues of the Visual DictionaryPictures! Period.When you hear the word apple, you don’t see the word or imagine the letters one by one. Nope, you see a glistening red fruit you can almost bite into. You imagine the taste, smell, texture and color.That’s because our minds think in pictures. In our minds, we see  cows, cars and cats, not four-letter words. We visualize and see the big picture.The images we see become so real we can almost touch them with bare hands. We even dream in pictures, and the visual cortex comprises a significant part of the human brain.This is why a dry list of vocabulary  words, translating  foreign vocabulary words right into  English words, is often hard to work with. Void of any visual stimulation, the brain finds it hard to embed anything into the long-term memory.On the other hand, visual dictionaries exploit how the mind works, serving it just what it needs: Pictures that the brain can work with. Pictures that the brain can file into the long-term memory. Pictures that the brain can remember.Visual dict ionaries make it easier for us to memorize foreign vocabulary. They’re like flashcards, but in book form. And if I were you, I’d be hunting for foreign language visual dictionaries, like, right now.Thematic Approach to LearningOur brain links information with other information. The thing is, we don’t remember things in a vacuum or out of thin air. We remember things in relation to other things. We remember new information by connecting it to old, established information. And the more links there are for a certain piece of information, the stronger our memory is for that information.Visual dictionaries, because theyre thematically arranged, help the brain to easily make the said connections.Ordinary dictionaries, aside from being textually focused, are arranged in an alphabetical order. So theres little rhyme or reason for the arrangement except that they come in alphabetical order. So you might find words like “banish,” “banal” and “banana” on the same page. The pu rpose of this order is clear: theyre arranged like this so that you can find them easily. But what relations do these have with each other?Practically nada. The brain will have to get very creative to make anchor these words and make them stick in memory.With a visual dictionary, in addition to visual stimulation, the entries are thematically/topically presented so you have sets of information instead of individualized entries. For example, a page might deal with “Fruits,” another might be about “Modes of Transportation” and another may be about “Different Parts of a Classroom.”The presented images have an intuitive and natural relationship so that the brain will readily be able to make those connections.And with those two reasons, the visually stunning images and the thematic presentation, the foreign language learner is that closer to mastering the vocabulary  of his or her target language.So, can’t wait to get your hands on those visual dictionaries? Here are some o f the best resources.The Best Sources of Foreign  Language Visual DictionariesDorling KindersleyDK publishes illustrated reference books that are celebrated the world over. This British publishing company deals with a wide range of topics from history, science and health to movies and musicals. DK also has a series of bilingual visual dictionaries to make things that much easier.Spanish-English Bilingual Visual DictionaryThis visual feast features over 6,000 Spanish terms that take language students into a world where the curtains are las cortinas  and the coffee table is la mesa de café.  In this bilingual visual dictionary, you’ll be learning Spanish starting from the book cover.French-English Bilingual Visual DictionaryElements of daily life get a French translation in this bilingual visual dictionary. The book features words depicted at home, in the office and even in the streets. With 360 pages of full color, your French will quickly get up to speed and trudging the streets of Paris will be like a walk in the park.German-English Bilingual Visual DictionaryWould you like to know what die Gabel  is? Or better yet, would you like to see how it looks? Take a bite of this German bilingual visual dictionary and also discover what a “keyboard” and “external hard drive” are in German.Chinese-English Bilingual Visual DictionaryThe Chinese have a saying: Learning is as high as the mountains and as wide as the seas. But with this bilingual visual dictionary in hand, you can climb the mountains, sail the seas and, ultimately, tame the Chinese language. In this book, you’ll not only have awesome pictures, but also both the Chinese character and the pinyin transliteration for each word.Japanese-English Bilingual Visual DictionaryLooking at pictures is the most intuitive way to learn Japanese vocabulary, and in this highly visual presentation youll most definitely learn words that are hard to explain in any other way. With pages featuring life’s events, s pecial celebrations, types of trains and more, learning Japanese vocabulary is many times more fun.Barron’sBarron’s is the leading name in the test prep arena. Founded in 1941 to help students prepare for college entrance examinations, Barron’s also offers foreign language instruction for language learners all over the world. The titles in this niche are:Barrons Visual Dictionary: Spanish: For Home, Business, and TravelThere are 3,000 images in this book helping flesh out 15,000 Spanish terms. The words are divided into 13 categories that range from food, education, leisure and sports. So if you’re an absolute Spanish beginner, this book is an absolute must.Barrons Visual Dictionary: French: For Home, Business, and TravelWhether you’re a French language enthusiast or a serious learner, youll find Barron’s French visual dictionary an enchanting trip to the language. Experience immersion right when you open its pages and get ready to learn more than you bargained for.Barro ns Visual Dictionary: Italian: For Home, Business, and TravelA visual dictionary has awesome pictures, that’s a given. Barron’s has more than that. It has text boxes that expand and extend the translation of words and abstract concepts. So for the Italian language lover, hold this one close to your heart.5-Language Visual DictionariesRemember I told you earlier that there are even multiple language visual dictionaries? Well, they can go as many as five! Here are three great resources you could choose from:Dorling Kindersley’s 5 Language Visual DictionaryIf you want to learn English, French, German, Spanish and Italian at the same time, then DK’s offering is worthy of serious time. All 400 pages have that DK signatureâ€"awesome pics and clean, streamlined formatting. This is an impressive volume that will give you hours upon hours of productive study.Merriam-Websters Compact 5-Language Visual DictionaryMerriam-Webster is one of the most trusted source for reference works. Thi s edition covers the same 5 languages (English, French, German, Spanish and Italian) and is more compactâ€"which is a good thing because once you start flipping through the pages, you’ll be so engrossed that you’ll find it hard to put down.The Firefly Five Language Visual DictionaryThis edition includes 35,000 words grouped into 17 categories. The pages are color-coded so you can easily find the category you’re interested in. Beyond being visually stunning, the book goes into specifics. It specifies, for example, the different types of sitting implements like bar stool, bench, love seat, ottoman and sofa. All in all, the title is an enriching and educational experience for the lucky language learner.If this post has taught you anything, I hope it’s the realization that learning a language need not be serious and dry.It can be colorful, playful and, God forbid, fun.This is the kind of immersive  experience offered by visual dictionaries. So don’t hold back, go get one for y ourself now.